Professional Armies
Armies have existed since war was invented, many thousands of years ago. However, their form has changed over the centuries, and different types of recruitment and organization have developed in different cultures and periods.
In the Late Middle Ages, armies in many societies relied on levy systems, with knights and footmen forming a core that was levied seasonally. Some states, however, were powerful enough to finance standing armies, staffed by professional soldiers who would be available for duty throughout the year.
This system also developed in Europe after the outbreak of the Hundred Years War, being one of the main changes that promoted a military revolution in the Early Modern Age. Increasing the size and quality of professional armies, while finding new sources of revenue to finance them, soon became one of the main challenges for rulers around the world.
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